Owning a dog comes with many joys, but also a few messy responsibilities. One of the more unpleasant but necessary tasks is dealing with anal gland expression. While it’s not something every dog needs help with, some struggle to empty their glands naturally, leading to discomfort, scooting, or even infections.
At first, the idea of squeezing a dog’s anal glands might sound intimidating, but with the right technique and a calm approach, it becomes just another part of regular pet care. Knowing when and how to do it can prevent health issues and keep a dog feeling comfortable.
Why Do Dogs Have Anal Glands?
Anal glands, also called anal sacs, are small scent glands located on either side of a dog’s anus. In the wild, they play a role in territory marking, releasing a unique scent during defecation. For domesticated dogs, these glands don’t serve much purpose, but they still fill with fluid. Normally, regular bowel movements help empty the glands naturally.
Some dogs, especially small breeds, have trouble expressing these glands on their own. When that happens, the fluid builds up, causing discomfort, irritation, or even infection. Signs of trouble include:
- Scooting across the floor
- Excessive licking or biting at the rear
- A strong, fishy odor
- Difficulty sitting comfortably
- Swelling or redness around the anus
If these signs appear regularly, manual expression may be necessary.
Also read: How to Train a Dog for Toilet?
When to Express a Dog’s Anal Glands
Not all dogs need this procedure done manually. Many empty their glands naturally, but some require help, especially if:
- Scooting happens frequently
- There’s a strong odor that lingers
- The dog appears to be in discomfort
- A vet has recommended manual expression
For dogs with recurring anal gland issues, expressing them every 3 to 4 weeks can prevent further complications. If the area looks red, swollen, or painful, a vet visit is the safest option.
Also read: How to Make a Constipated Dog Poop Quickly？
How to Squeeze a Dog’s Anal Glands at Home
Expressing a dog’s anal glands isn’t difficult, but it does require patience, proper technique, and preparation.
Supplies Needed
- Disposable gloves (for hygiene)
- Paper towels or tissues (to catch fluid)
- Unscented pet wipes (for cleanup)
- A shallow dish (optional, for catching any liquid)
- Petroleum jelly or water-based lubricant (to reduce friction)
- A second person for assistance (helpful for wiggly dogs)
Step 1: Set Up a Comfortable Area
Choosing the right location helps minimize mess and stress. A bathroom with easy-to-clean surfaces is ideal. If the dog is small, placing them on a towel-covered counter or sink provides better control. For larger dogs, having them stand in a bathtub works well.
Step 2: Position the Dog Correctly
The best position is standing, with the tail lifted gently. If the dog is nervous, speaking in a calm voice and offering treats can help ease anxiety.
Step 3: Locate the Anal Glands
Wearing gloves, place one hand under the dog’s tail. The anal glands are positioned at 4 o’clock and 8 o’clock around the anus, just under the skin. They feel like small, firm peas when full.
Step 4: Apply Gentle Pressure
Using the thumb and forefinger, gently squeeze the glands in an upward motion toward the anus. A small amount of fluid should be released. The liquid may vary in color, from light brown to dark yellow, and it often has a very strong odor. If nothing comes out, reposition the fingers slightly and try again with light pressure.
Step 5: Clean Up Thoroughly
Once the glands are emptied, use pet wipes or damp paper towels to clean the area. Washing hands immediately after finishing is essential, even when wearing gloves.
Step 6: Reward the Dog
After the procedure, offering a favorite treat helps create a positive association. A short walk can also encourage relaxation and natural bowel movement.
When to Seek Veterinary Help
While home expression works for many dogs, some situations require professional attention:
- Severe swelling or redness – Could indicate infection or abscesses.
- Thick or bloody discharge – A sign of more serious issues.
- Frequent blockages – Some dogs need their glands flushed or removed.
- Painful reactions – If the dog yelps or reacts aggressively, a vet should evaluate the problem.
A vet can assess whether manual expression, dietary changes, or even surgery is needed for chronic gland problems.
Preventing Anal Gland Issues
Keeping the anal glands healthy starts with proper diet and exercise. A few key habits can help prevent buildup and reduce the need for manual expression:
- High-fiber diet – Adding fiber promotes firmer stools, which naturally press on the glands and help them empty. Pumpkin puree, sweet potatoes, and fiber supplements work well.
- Regular exercise – Movement stimulates digestion and reduces gland congestion.
- Hydration – Proper water intake supports healthy digestion.
- Weight management – Overweight dogs have a harder time expressing their glands naturally.
For dogs with chronic issues, some vets recommend adding gland-support supplements or probiotics to their diet.
Final Thoughts
Squeezing a dog’s anal glands isn’t the most pleasant task, but it can be a necessary one. Recognizing when a dog needs help and using the correct technique makes the process smoother and more effective. With regular monitoring and good care, many anal gland issues can be managed or even prevented. If problems persist, a vet can provide guidance on the best long-term solution for a dog’s comfort and health.