As a dog owner, it’s hard not to be tempted when my dog gives me those big, hopeful eyes while I’m eating something tasty. Over the years, though, I’ve learned that not all human foods are safe for dogs—some can even be harmful or life-threatening. After plenty of research, I now know which foods are safe to share, which ones should be avoided, and which require caution. This guide will help you make better choices the next time you're tempted to share a snack with your friend, ensuring their diet stays safe and healthy.
What Dogs Can Eat
1. Blueberries
Blueberries are not only safe for dogs, but they’re actually a healthy treat packed with antioxidants, fiber, and vitamin C. My dog absolutely loves them, and I often toss a handful into his food bowl or use them as a training treat. They’re low in calories, so I can give them without worrying about weight gain. I usually feed them fresh, but frozen blueberries are also a fun, refreshing treat on hot days. Just remember to serve them in moderation since too many can cause a stomach upset.
Also read: Can Dogs Eat Blueberries?
2. Mandarins
Mandarins are a citrus fruit that many dogs enjoy in small amounts. They’re packed with vitamin C, which is great for immune health, and are low in calories. I always peel them first, as the skin and seeds can be difficult for dogs to digest. While dogs don’t need citrus in their diet, a few slices of mandarin here and there can be a refreshing, hydrating treat, especially on hot days. Just be sure to feed them in moderation since too much citrus can cause some gastrointestinal upset.
3. Courgette
Courgette, or zucchini, is another healthy option for dogs. It’s low in calories and rich in essential vitamins and minerals like vitamin C, vitamin A, and potassium. I’ve found that dogs tend to enjoy zucchini, especially when it’s cooked and chopped into small pieces. It can be a great addition to a dog’s regular meals or simply served as a light snack. Whether raw or lightly cooked, zucchini is easily digestible for dogs, making it a perfect choice for those with sensitive tummies.
Also read: Can Dogs Eat Courgette?
4. Sweet potatoes
Sweet potatoes are packed with fiber, vitamin A, and other essential nutrients. They're an excellent option for dogs, especially those with digestive issues. I often bake sweet potatoes and cut them into small chunks as a treat. They can also be added to my dog’s regular food as a healthy, low-calorie filler. It’s important to cook them thoroughly, as raw sweet potatoes can be hard for dogs to digest.
What Dogs Can't Eat
1. Grapes and raisins
I can’t stress this enough—grapes and raisins are toxic to dogs and should never be fed to them. Even small amounts can cause kidney failure, and in some cases, it can be fatal. The reason why grapes are harmful is still unclear, but it’s better to be safe than sorry. If you suspect your dog has eaten grapes or raisins, immediate veterinary attention is necessary.
Also read: Can Dogs Eat Grapes?
2. Onions
Onions, whether raw, cooked, or powdered, can cause serious health issues for dogs. They contain compounds that can damage red blood cells, leading to a condition called hemolytic anemia. Symptoms of onion toxicity in dogs include vomiting, lethargy, and pale gums. Even small amounts of onion can be harmful, so it's best to avoid giving your dog any foods containing onion, whether it’s in soups, stews, or even baby food.
Also read: Can Dogs Eat Onions?
3. Chocolate
Chocolate is one of the most well-known dog toxins. It contains theobromine, a substance that dogs cannot metabolize properly. Ingesting chocolate, even in small quantities, can cause symptoms ranging from vomiting and diarrhea to seizures and even death. Dark chocolate is the most dangerous, as it contains the highest levels of theobromine, but all forms of chocolate should be kept out of your dog’s reach.
4. Nuts (especially macadamia)
Many types of nuts are not safe for dogs. While some nuts, like peanuts (unsalted and unseasoned), are generally safe in small amounts, macadamia nuts should always be avoided. Macadamia nuts are highly toxic to dogs and can cause symptoms like weakness, tremors, and even paralysis. Other nuts, like almonds, can cause digestive upset and pose a choking hazard, so it’s better to avoid feeding nuts to dogs altogether.
The Gray Areas: Foods That Require Caution
There are some foods that don’t fall clearly into the “safe” or “toxic” category, and they require more caution.
1. Dairy products
It’s a common misconception that all dogs love milk and cheese, but in reality, most dogs are lactose intolerant. While a small amount of cheese or milk won’t harm most dogs, it can lead to digestive issues like diarrhea or an upset stomach. If I ever give my dog dairy, I make sure it's in small amounts and check for any signs of discomfort. If you’re not sure how your dog will react, lactose-free dairy products are a safer choice.
2. Cooked fish
Fish can be a great protein source for dogs, but there are a few things to consider. Cooked fish is generally safe, but it should always be served plain, without any oils or seasonings. Certain types of fish, like tuna, can contain high levels of mercury, so they should be fed in moderation. Also, make sure the bones are removed to avoid choking hazards.
3. Cooked chicken bones
While plain cooked chicken is safe, cooked chicken bones are dangerous. Cooking makes bones brittle, and they can splinter easily, which could cause injury to a dog’s digestive tract. Always serve chicken with the bones removed, and never give your dog cooked bones from any meat.
Foods Dogs Should Never Eat
Some foods are just too dangerous to even consider giving to your dog. These should never be part of their diet, no matter how curious they might seem about what’s on your plate.
- Alcohol – Alcohol is extremely toxic to dogs and can lead to symptoms such as vomiting, diarrhea, and even respiratory failure. Keep alcoholic beverages far out of your dog’s reach.
- Caffeine – Whether from coffee, tea, or energy drinks, caffeine can cause restlessness, tremors, and rapid breathing in dogs.
- Xylitol – A sugar substitute commonly found in sugar-free gum, candy, and baked goods, xylitol can cause a severe drop in blood sugar, seizures, and even liver failure in dogs.
Final Thoughts
It’s hard to resist sharing food with your dog, but as I’ve learned, it’s important to be cautious about what goes into their diet. There are many safe and healthy options like blueberries, mandarins, and courgette, which can make great treats. However, certain foods like grapes, chocolate, and onions should be strictly avoided to ensure your dog’s health and safety.
Each dog is unique, and what works for one might not work for another, so it’s always wise to consult your veterinarian when introducing new foods to your dog’s diet. Armed with the right knowledge, it’s possible to keep your dog happy, healthy, and safe from food-related dangers.
It’s all about balance, moderation, and a bit of common sense. After all, sharing snacks with my dog is one of life’s little joys—just as long as it’s safe for him to enjoy!